Revista AJAYU

Abbreviated scale of moral disengagement propensity (mdp-s): spanish adaptation and factorial validation in the bolivian workplace context

2025-08-27T12:21:50-04:00

The Moral Disconnection Propensity Scale (EPDM) (Moore et al., 2012) was adapted to the Bolivian labor context. For this, 777 active adult Bolivians received the EPDM online. The findings made it possible to demonstrate the reliability of the scale in an abbreviated form in Spanish and to obtain additional sources of validity evidence (convergent, discriminant, and exploratory and confirmatory factorial). An adjustment of the construct of moral disconnection proposed by the original authors was obtained, which seemed to better represent, although in a different way, 4 of the factors proposed by the theory. Finally, the relevance of the results is discussed and the limitations of the study are identified.

The Operator 4.0: a narrative review of prescriptive elements in the formation of a new labor subjectivity

2025-08-27T11:49:11-04:00

Industry 4.0 represents a new effort to improve the productive forces related to the fourth industrial revolution. This paradigm promotes significant changes in workers' subjectivity because it needs to use the productive attributes of labor forces (e.g.., psychical and mental capabilities). This narrative review attempts to identify and understand the main prescriptions related to the construction the new subjectivity called “4.0 Operator.” This subjectivity has been highlighted as a new labor subjectivity accountable for enhancing the technological innovation of Industry 4.0. We conducted a narrative review of scientific articles (systematic review types) of this topic. Through the content analysis, three main themes related to the prescription on the characteristics of Operator 4.0 have been found. These themes allude to the development of cognitive competencies and their uses to create intelligent agents. Therefore, these requirements try to make the workers take advantage of their labor force meanwhile requiring the reduction of the distress. These outcomes could be useful as a guide to undertaking new and empirical research in occupational psychology.

Social Representations of Violence Against Women in the University Context

2025-08-27T10:05:28-04:00

This qualitative study explores the social representations of violence against women in the university context. Through interviews and focus groups with male and female students, the study examines how collective beliefs and cultural norms (Moscovici, 1960) contribute to the normalization of violence against women in academic settings. The findings reveal that power dynamics—deeply rooted in peer relationships and interactions between teachers and students—perpetuate practices of inequality and discourage victims from reporting due to fear of retaliation and lack of trust in institutions. The conclusions highlight the importance of implementing educational and institutional policies to promote cultural change toward gender equity and safety in the university environment.

Instruments to measure academic stress in university students: a systematic review in Scopus and Web of Science

2025-08-27T12:02:42-04:00

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar y caracterizar los instrumentos de medición del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios: una revisión sistemática en Scopus y Web of Science. Para ello, utilizó el siguiente método, se realizó una revisión narrativa y se planteó una cadena de búsqueda en las bases de datos de Scopus y WoS. Inicialmente se utilizó el diagrama PRISMA, inicialmente se identificó 202 artículos científicos y a través del método de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados permitieron encontrar ocho instrumentos adaptados para medir el estrés académico. Se puede concluir que los instrumentos analizados de medición del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios confirman la existencia de una gama de instrumentos con diferentes enfoques y niveles de aplicabilidad.

The narrative of subjects deprived of liberty for their crimes of femicide. Rehabilitation center Palmasola. Santa Cruz-Bolivia

2025-08-27T14:23:23-04:00

Feminicides do not stop replicating throughout Bolivia, accounting for their multidimensional complexity and the structural deficiencies that accompany their prevention and approach. A good part of the public policies and investigations focus on women victims of violence, neglecting the aggressors and possible feminicides. For this reason, the purpose of the study is to determine the motivation for the passage to the femicide act of subjects deprived of liberty belonging to the Santa Cruz Rehabilitation Center who have committed the crime of femicide or attempted femicide against their partners. For this, a case study was carried out that had 10 subjects as a sample, selected from 25 judicial files. Among the results, the fact that most of the feminicides are early adults without completed schooling, who are engaged in empirical trades, stands out. They have a concubinage relationship with their victims followed by circumstantial relationships. Most of the crimes have been committed in private homes, using sharp objects, followed by strangulation. Alcohol use was found in half of the cases. In the conclusions it has been possible to determine that the motivators of the femicide act have to do with feelings of possession and jealousy, followed by escalations of violence that begin with discussions and end with serious physical attacks, often reinforced by the consumption of alcohol.

Executive functions and academic performance. a neuroscience study for undergraduate students in education sciences

2025-08-27T15:29:08-04:00

This study analyzes the correlation between Executive Functions (planning and verbal fluency) and Academic Performance in undergraduate students of Educational Sciences at the Public University of El Alto, Bolivia. Executive Functions are higher-order cognitive skills essential for adapting and regulating behavior to achieve goals. Academic performance at the tertiary education level is an indicator of student educational success, encompassing socioeconomic, motivational, and cognitive skill criteria. Neuroscience, in the process of deepening the understanding of brain mechanisms related to complex learning, has generated growing interest in the relationship between executive functions and academic performance. For the research, the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BNAFE – 2) was used, with a sample of 40 students, who were administered the Tower of Hanoi, Mazes, and Verbal Fluency Test. Statistical analysis performed in SPSS showed a Pearson correlation coefficient of -0.15, establishing a weak to very weak negative relationship between Executive Functions and Academic Performance, with a p-value of 0.35, indicating the absence of a significant correlation at the 95% level. This suggests that students may be achieving good academic performance through various mechanisms and strategies, not solely through their planning skills and verbal fluency.

Despite these findings, the scientific literature continues to highlight the importance of Executive Functions for academic success. Educational neuroscience emphasizes that these skills can be improved with practice, reinforcing their relevance in higher education.