Risk factors analysis in juvenile victims of sexual violence in La Paz-Bolivia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35319/ajayu.202111Keywords:
Sexual violence, survivors, victims, social educationAbstract
Sex education in Bolivia through different perspectives, one of them is, in the enactment of Education Law 070 Avelino Siñani-Elizardo Pérez which mandates that community nonschool education in young people be in force, as well as the subsystem of Non-school Education is put into effect in Bolivia. The role of social education is to prevent different types of sexual violence, which necessarily goes through an educational and training process. Therefore, the purpose of this work tries to answer the research question: What are the risk factors that exist in victims of sexual violence? In this last decade in Bolivia, laws (548 and 348) were enacted that sanction this type of crime in favor of women, children and adolescents. In the present investigation, it is proposed from the documentary and archive approach for the general contextualization in a descriptive way and later in a corroborative way between the risk factors and their statistical analysis of these in the applied investigation, where the filling of a form designed for the emptying of a series of interviews with victims of Sexual Violence among the Victims of Commercial Sexual Violence for after systematizing the data with which statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS, having results of different risk factors, Finally, it is concluded that emotional and family factors are the keys in the approach in social education towards this population group.
Downloads
References
Abbey, A., Zawacki, T., Buck, P., Clinton A., & McAuslan, P. (2004). Sexual assault and alcohol consumption: what do we known about their relationship and what types of research are still needed? Aggress Violent Behavior. 9:271e303.
Altamirano, C. (2016). Violencia sexual infantil y trata de menores con fines de explotación sexual comercial en La Paz y El Alto. Instituto de Estudios Bolivianos. pp 45-59
Aramayo, S. (2010). Estructura familiar de agresores sexuales. Revista Electrónica de Psicología “Ajayu”. Vol. VIII No.1. Universidad Católica Boliviana “San Pablo”. La Paz. Bolivia. Disponible en: http://www.ucb.edu.bo/Publicaciones/Ajayu/v8n1/v8n1a04.html
Bassani, D.G., Palazzo, L.S., Beria, J.U., Gigante, L.P., Figueiredo, A.C.L., & Aerts, D.R.G.C. (2009). Child sexual abuse in southern Brazil and associated factors: a population-based study, BMC Public Health, 9 (133).
Benedicto, C. Roncero, D. y Gonzales, L. (2016). Agresores sexuales juveniles: Tipología y perfil psicosocial en función de la edad de sus víctimas. Anuario de psicología Juridica vo. 27. No. 1
Beitchman, J.H., Zucker, K. J., Hood, J. E, & daCosta, G. A., Akman, D. (1991). A review of the short-term effects of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 15(4):537-56.
Davies, E. A., & Jones, A.C. (2013). Risk factors in child sexual abuse. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20(3):146-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2012.06.005.
ENDA. 2022. Sistematización de buenas prácticas y lecciones aprendidas en la atención integral de niñas y adolescentes víctimas de violencia en la ciudad de el alto periodo 2017-2020. Fundación ENDA El Alto. pp. 102-143
Estes, R. J., & Weiner, N. A. (2001). The commercial sexual exploitation of children in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania.
Gjermeni, E., Van Hook, M., Gjipali, S., Xhillari, L., Lungu, F., & Hazizi, A. (2008). Trafficking of children in Albania: Patterns of recruitment and reintegration. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 941-948.
Hardy, V. L., Compton, K. D., & MacPhatter, V.S. (2013). Domestic minor sex trafficking: practice implications for mental health professionals. SAGE publish. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109912475172.
Harway, M., & Liss, M. (1999). Dating violence and teen prostitution: Adolescent girls in the justice system. In beyond appearance: A new look at adolescent girls. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Honess, T., Seymour, L., & Webster, R. (2000). The social contexts of underage drinking. 1st ed.London: The Research, Development and Statistics Directorate
Hornor, G. (2010). Child sexual abuse: Consequences and implications. J Pediatr Health Care. 24 (6), 358-364
Jewkes, R., Sen, P., & Garcia-Moreno, C. (2002). Sexual violence. In: Krug, E., Dahlberg,
L.L., Mercy, J.A., et al., editors. World Report on Violence and Health. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; pp. 213–239. Ley 548. Código Niña, niño, adolescente.
Ley 520. Educación en salud sexual y reproductiva responsable
Ley 070 de la Educación “Avelino Siñani- Elizardo Pérez”.
Ley 348 Integral. Para garantizar una vida sin violencia a las mujeres.
Lloyd, R. (2011). Girls like us: Fighting for a world where girls are not for sale, an activist finds her calling and heals herself. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
Mandeville, Peter (2005). “El coeficiente de relación intraclase (ICC)” en Revista Ciencia UANL vol VIII, Nº 003. México: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Mas, B., & Carrasco, M.A., (2005). Abuso sexual y maltrato infantil. En M.I. Comeche y M.A. Vallejo (Eds.). Manual de terapia de conducta en la infancia. Madrid. Pirámide, pp. 231-266.
Merrill, L. L., Guimond, J. M., Thomsen, C. J., & Milner, J. S. (2003). Child sexual abuse and number of sexual partners in young women: The role of abuse severity, coping style, and sexual functioning. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 987–996.
Ministerio de Educación (2019). “Protocolo de Prevención, actuación y denuncia de casos de violencia física, psicológica y sexual. En unidades educativas y centros de Educación especial”. Ministerio de Educación Estado Plurinacional.
Mitchell, K. J., Finkelhor, D., & Wolak, J. (2010). Conceptualizing juvenile prostitution as child maltreatment: Findings from the National Juvenile Prostitution Study. Child Maltreatment, 15, 18–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559509349443.
Mraovick, L., & Wilson, J. (1999). Patterns of child abuse and neglect associated with chronological age of children living in a midwestern county. Child Abuse and Neglect, 23(9), 899-903.
Newcomb, M. D., Munoz, D. T., & Vargas, J. (2009). Child sexual abuse consequences in community samples of Latino and European American adolescents.Child abuse & neglect. 33(8):533-44.
OPS, OMS y UNICEF (2018). “Violencia contra niños, niñas y adolescentes. Foro sobre violencia contra niños y niñas”. República Dominicana.
Organizacion Internacional del Trabajo (OIT). (2012). ILO global estimate of forced labour 2012: Results and methodology. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/sapfl/Informationresources/ILOPublications/WCMS_182004/lang– en/index.htm
Régimen Penitenciario, 2021. Informe estadístico anual.
Senn, T. E., Carey, M. P. (2010). Child maltreatment and women’s adult sexual risk behavior:
Childhood sexual abuse as a unique risk factor. Child Maltreat.15:324-35. SEPAMOS (2014). El ciclo vicioso de la violencia sexual. Un estudio en la ciudad de El Alto. La Paz.
Smeaton. E., & Rees, G. (2005). Running Away in South Yorkshire. London: The Children’s Society.
Stinson, J. D., Sales, B. D., & Becker, J. V. (2008). Sex Offending: Causal Theories to Inform
Research, Prevention, and Treatment. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association United Nations Development Fund for Children (UNICEF). (2010). Progress for children: Achieving the MDGs with equity (No. 9). New York, NY: Author. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/protection/Pro-gress_for_Children-No.9_EN_081710.pdf
UNICEF (2017). “Niños en un mundo digital. Estado mundial de la infancia 2017.” Disponible en: https://www.unicef.org/media/48611/file
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2008). Toolkit to combat trafficking in persons: Global programme against trafficking in human beings. Vienna, Austria: Author. Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/documents/humantrafficking/HT_Toolkit08_English.pdf
United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) (2009). Investing in gender equality: Ending Violence against women and girls. Retrieved from https://www.endvawnow.org/uploads/browser/files/genderequality_vaw_leaflet_en_web.pdf
Vogeltanz, N. D., Wilsnack, S. C., Harris, T. R., Wilsnack, R. W., Wonderlich, S. A., & Kristjanson, A.F. (1999). Prevalence and risk factors for childhood sexual abuse in women: national survey findings. Child Abuse & Neglect. 23 (6), 579-592.
Zimmerman, C. (2006). Trafficking in women: a qualitative study to conceptualise and map health risks. Doctoral Thesis, in Public Health Policy Unit. 2006, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM): London
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista AJAYU
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
De acuerdo a la Ley 1322 de Derechos de Autor en Bolivia, la revista de psicologia AJAYU respeta los derechos morales de los autores, amparando la parternidad e integridad de sus obras publicadas.
