Revisão sistemática de intervenções não farmacológicas sobre a qualidade subjetiva do sono em populações de idosos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35319/ajayu.241368Palavras-chave:
Revisão sistemática, qualidade do sono, idosos, intervenções, sonoResumo
Os distúrbios do sono apresentam uma alta prevalência em idosos e estão associados a um impacto negativo na saúde física, cognitiva e emocional. Diante dos riscos do uso prolongado de hipnóticos, as intervenções não farmacológicas constituem uma alternativa terapêutica eficaz. O objetivo é descrever os diferentes tipos de intervenções não farmacológicas direcionadas ao sono em idosos e analisar seu efeito sobre a qualidade subjetiva do sono por meio de uma revisão sistemática de artigos dos últimos 10 anos. Após identificar 1.417 registros, foram selecionados 16 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada, observando-se um risco de viés baixo a moderado na maioria dos trabalhos. As intervenções analisadas mostraram-se consistentemente eficazes para melhorar a qualidade subjetiva do sono. Elas foram agrupadas em três categorias principais: Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental para Insônia (TCC-I), exercício físico e terapias complementares. As evidências apoiam a eficácia das intervenções não farmacológicas para melhorar o sono em idosos. No entanto, a escassez de estudos latino-americanos e a ausência de publicações em espanhol limitam a generalização dos resultados, assim como a falta de metanálises.
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