Application of the item response theory to the neuroticism scale of the big five inventory
Keywords:
neuroticism, emotional stability, five factor model, item response theoryAbstract
The widespread impact that Neuroticism has on the health system has motivated its measurement to be used in prevention tasks. Due to its brevity and international recognition, the Neuroticism scale of the Big Five Inventory presents optimal characteristics for these applications. In this work it is proposed to deepen the study of the psychometric properties of this scale using Item Response Theory (IRT). There were 742 adults from Buenos Aires, Argentina (55.3% women). At first IRT analysis revealed the need to eliminate one of the original items due to inadequate functioning. For the remaining 7 items, the assumptions of unidimensionality and local independence were verified. All showed an acceptable fit to the Graded Response Model and a medium-high discriminatory capacity. Gender differential functioning was not observed. Moderate correlations were found with the scales of the SCL-90-R Inventory. The Test Information Function showed that precision is acceptable even for extreme trait values, which are of special interest for clinical-epidemiological applications.
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References
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Bleidorn, W., Klimstra, T. A., Denissen, J. J. A., Rentfrow, P. J., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. (2013). Personality maturation around the world: A cross-cultural examination of
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Byrne, B.M. (2012). Structural equation modeling with Mplus: Basics, concepts, applications, and programming. Nueva York: Routledge.
Cai, L., Thissen, D., y du Toit, S. (2011). IRTPRO users guide. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
Carciofo, R., Yang, J., Song, N., Du, F. y Zhang, K. (2016). Psychometric evaluation of Chinese-language 44-item and 10-item Big Five Personality Inventories, including correlations with chronotype, mindfulness and mind wandering. PLOS ONE, 11 (2), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149963
Castro Solano, A. y Casullo, M. M. (2001). Rasgos de personalidad, bienestar psicológico y rendimiento académico en adolescentes argentinos. Interdisciplinaria, 18 (1), 65-85.
Castro Solano, A. (2002). Técnicas de evaluación psicológica en los ámbitos militares. Buenos Aires: Paidós
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Chen, W., y Thissen, D. (1997). Local dependence indices for item pairs using item response theory. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 22, 265-289. doi: 10.2307/1165285
Denissen, J. J. A., Geenen, R., van Aken, M. A. G., Gosling, S. D. y Potter, J. (2008). Development and validation of a Dutch translation of the Big Five Inventory (BFI).
Journal of Personality Assessment, 90, 152-157. doi: 10.1037/t62652-000
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10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
Gurven, M., von Rueden, C., Massenkoff, M., Kaplan, H., y Lero Vie, M. (2013). How universal is the Big Five? Testing the five-factor model of personality variation
among forager–farmers in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104 (2), 354–370. doi:10.1037/a0030841
Hajek, A; Bock, J.O. y König, H.H. (2017). The role of personality in health care use: Results of a population-based longitudinal study in Germany. PLoS One, 12
(7):e0181716. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181716.
Hengartner, M. P., Kawohl, W., Haker, H., Rössler, W., & Ajdacic-Gross, V. (2016). Big Five personality traits may inform public health policy and preventive medicine:
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Jeronimus, B.F., Kotov, R., Riese, H. y Ormel, J. (2016). Neuroticism’s prospective association with mental disorders halves after adjustment for baseline symptoms and psychiatric history, but the adjusted association hardly decays with time: a metaanalysis on 59 longitudinal/prospective studies with 443 313 participants.
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John, O. P., Donahue, E. M. y Kentle, R. L. (1991). The Big Five Inventory — versions 4a and 54. Berkeley: Institute of Personality and Social Research.
Kang, T., y Chen, T. T. (2011). Performance of the generalized S‐X2 item fit index for the graded response model. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12 (1), 89 – 96. doi:
10.1007/s12564-010-9082-4.
Karaman, N. G., Dogan, T., y Coban, A. E. (2010). A study to adapt the big five inventory to Turkish. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 (2), 2357-2359. doi:
10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.336.
Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., y Watson, D. (2010). Linking ‘‘big’’ personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 768–821. doi: 10.1037/a0020327.
Lahey, B. B. (2009). Public health significance of neuroticism. American Psychologist, 64, 241–256. doi: 10.1037/a0015309
Maples-Keller, J. L., Bunnell, B. E., Kim, S. J., y Rothbaum, B. O. (2017). The use of Virtual Reality technology in the treatment of anxiety and other psychiatric disorders.Harv. Rev. Psychiatry, 25, 103–113. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000138.
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Rammstedt, B. y John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German. Journal of
Research in Personality, 41, 203-212. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001.
Rammstedt, B. (1997). Die deutsche Version des Big Five Inventory (BFI): Übersetzung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung des Fünf-Faktoren-Modells der Persönlichkeit. (Tesis doctoral inédita). Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld.
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Reise, S. P. y Revicki, D. A. (2015). Handbook of Item Response Theory Modeling Applications to Typical Performance Assessment. Nueva York: Routledge.
Reyes Zamorano, E., Álvarez Carrillo, C., Peredo Silva, A., Miranda Sandoval, A. y Rebolledo Pastrana, I. M. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Big Five Inventory
in a Mexican sample. Salud Mental, 37, 491-497. doi: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2014.059
Salgado, E., Vargas-Trujillo, E., Schmutzler, J., y Wills-Herrera, E. (2016). Uso del Inventario de los Cinco Grandes en una muestra colombiana. Avances en Psicología
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Psicológica, XVIII (3), 265-274.
Sauer-Zavala, S., Wilner, J. y Barlow, D. H. (2017). Addressing neuroticism in psychological treatment. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8
(3), 191-198. doi: 10.1037/per0000224.
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Ubbiali, A., Chiorri, C., Hampton, P. y Donati, D. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Italian adaptation of the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 266, 37 - 46.
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doi:10.1017/S0033291717000253.
Widiger, T. A. y Oltmanns, J. R. (2017). Neuroticism is a fundamental domain of personality with enormous public health implications. World Psychiatry, 16 (2), 144–
145. doi: 10.1002/wps.20411.
Widiger, T. A. (2009). Neuroticism. En M. R. Leary y R. H. Hoyle (Ed), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (pp. 129-146). Nueva York: Guilford Press.
Zanon, C. y Hutz, C. S. (2009). Propriedades psicométricas da Escala Fatorial de Neuroticismo e do Questionário de Ruminação e Reflexão. Aval. Psicol, 8 (2), 279-
281
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10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.500
Baker, F. B. (2001). The basics of item response theory. Washington: ERIC Publications.
Benet-Martínez, V. y John, O. P. (1998). Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: Multitrait multimethod analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75 (3), 729-750. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.75.3.729
Bleidorn, W., Klimstra, T. A., Denissen, J. J. A., Rentfrow, P. J., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. (2013). Personality maturation around the world: A cross-cultural examination of
social-investment theory. Psychological Science, 24 (12), 2530 - 2540. doi: 10.1177/0956797613498396.
Byrne, B.M. (2012). Structural equation modeling with Mplus: Basics, concepts, applications, and programming. Nueva York: Routledge.
Cai, L., Thissen, D., y du Toit, S. (2011). IRTPRO users guide. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
Carciofo, R., Yang, J., Song, N., Du, F. y Zhang, K. (2016). Psychometric evaluation of Chinese-language 44-item and 10-item Big Five Personality Inventories, including correlations with chronotype, mindfulness and mind wandering. PLOS ONE, 11 (2), doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149963
Castro Solano, A. y Casullo, M. M. (2001). Rasgos de personalidad, bienestar psicológico y rendimiento académico en adolescentes argentinos. Interdisciplinaria, 18 (1), 65-85.
Castro Solano, A. (2002). Técnicas de evaluación psicológica en los ámbitos militares. Buenos Aires: Paidós
Chapman, B.P. y Goldberg, L.R. (2017). Act-Frequency Signatures of the Big Five. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 201-205. doi:
10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.049.
Chen, W., y Thissen, D. (1997). Local dependence indices for item pairs using item response theory. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 22, 265-289. doi: 10.2307/1165285
Denissen, J. J. A., Geenen, R., van Aken, M. A. G., Gosling, S. D. y Potter, J. (2008). Development and validation of a Dutch translation of the Big Five Inventory (BFI).
Journal of Personality Assessment, 90, 152-157. doi: 10.1037/t62652-000
Derogatis, L. (1994). SCL-90-R. Symptom Checklist-90-R. Administration, Scoring and Procedures Manual. Minneapolis: National Computer System.
Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417 - 440. doi: 00.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221
Drake, M. M., Morris, D. y Davis, T. J. (2017). Neuroticism's susceptibility to distress: Moderated with mindfulness. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 248-252. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.060
Domínguez-Lara, S., Merino-Soto, C., Zamudio, B., y Guevara-Cordero, C. (2018). Big Five Inventory en Universitarios Peruanos: Resultados Preliminares de su Validación. Psykhe, 27 (2), 1 - 12. doi: 10.7764/psykhe.27.2.1052
Donnellan, M. B., Oswald, F. L., Baird, B. M., y Lucas, R. E. (2006). The Mini-IPIP scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the big five factors of personality.
Psychological Assessment, 18 (2), 192–203. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.192
Eysenck, H. J. (1947). Dimensions of Personality. Londres: Routledge y Kegan Paul.
Friedman, H. S. (2019). Neuroticism and health as individuals age. Personality Disorders:
Theory, Research, and Treatment, 10 (1), 25 - 32. doi: 10.1037/per0000274
Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., y
Gough, H.C. (2006). The Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 84–96.
doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.007.
Goldberg, L.R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48 (1), 26-34. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.48.1.26
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., y Swann, W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the BigFive personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504–528. doi:
10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
Gurven, M., von Rueden, C., Massenkoff, M., Kaplan, H., y Lero Vie, M. (2013). How universal is the Big Five? Testing the five-factor model of personality variation
among forager–farmers in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104 (2), 354–370. doi:10.1037/a0030841
Hajek, A; Bock, J.O. y König, H.H. (2017). The role of personality in health care use: Results of a population-based longitudinal study in Germany. PLoS One, 12
(7):e0181716. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181716.
Hengartner, M. P., Kawohl, W., Haker, H., Rössler, W., & Ajdacic-Gross, V. (2016). Big Five personality traits may inform public health policy and preventive medicine:
Evidence from a cross-sectional and a prospective longitudinal epidemiologic study in a Swiss community. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 84, 44 - 51. doi:
10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.03.012.
Jeronimus, B.F., Kotov, R., Riese, H. y Ormel, J. (2016). Neuroticism’s prospective association with mental disorders halves after adjustment for baseline symptoms and psychiatric history, but the adjusted association hardly decays with time: a metaanalysis on 59 longitudinal/prospective studies with 443 313 participants.
Psychological Medicine, 46 (14), 2883-2906. doi:10.1017/S0033291716001653.
John, O. P., Naumann, L. P., y Soto, C. J. (2008). Paradigm shift to the integrative Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and conceptual issues. En O. P. John, R. W. Robins, y L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (3rd ed., pp. 114–158). Nueva York: Guilford.
John, O. P., Donahue, E. M. y Kentle, R. L. (1991). The Big Five Inventory — versions 4a and 54. Berkeley: Institute of Personality and Social Research.
Kang, T., y Chen, T. T. (2011). Performance of the generalized S‐X2 item fit index for the graded response model. Asia Pacific Education Review, 12 (1), 89 – 96. doi:
10.1007/s12564-010-9082-4.
Karaman, N. G., Dogan, T., y Coban, A. E. (2010). A study to adapt the big five inventory to Turkish. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 (2), 2357-2359. doi:
10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.336.
Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., y Watson, D. (2010). Linking ‘‘big’’ personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 768–821. doi: 10.1037/a0020327.
Lahey, B. B. (2009). Public health significance of neuroticism. American Psychologist, 64, 241–256. doi: 10.1037/a0015309
Maples-Keller, J. L., Bunnell, B. E., Kim, S. J., y Rothbaum, B. O. (2017). The use of Virtual Reality technology in the treatment of anxiety and other psychiatric disorders.Harv. Rev. Psychiatry, 25, 103–113. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000138.
McCrae, R. y Costa, P. (2007). Brief versions of the NEO-PI-3. Journal of Individual Differences, 28 (3), 116-128. doi: 10.1027/1614-0001.28.3.116
McCrae, R. y Costa P. (2010). NEO Inventories professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Muñiz, J. (2018). Introducción a la Psicometría: teoría clásica y TRI. Madrid: Pirámide.Muthén, L. y Muthén, B. (2010). Mplus User’s Guide, 6th Edn. Los Angeles: Muthén & Muthén.
Ormel, J., Bastiaansen, A., Riese, H., Bos, E. H., Servaas, M., Ellenbogen, M., Rosmalen, J. G., Aleman, A. (2013). The biological and psychological basis of neuroticism: Current status and future directions. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 37, 59–72. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.09.004
Plaisant, O., Courtois, R. Réveillère, C., Mendelsohn, G.A. y John, O. P. (2010). Validation par analyse factorielle du Big Five Inventory francais (BFI-Fr). Analyse convergente avec le NEO-PI-R. Annales Medico-Psychologiques, 168, 97–106. doi: 10.1016/j.amp.2009.09.003.
Raad, B. y Mlačić, B. (2015). Big Five Factor Model, Theory and Structure. En J. D. Wright (Ed), International Encyclopedia of the Social y Behavioral Sciences (pp.
559–566), 2nd edition, Vol 2. Oxford: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.25066-6
Rammstedt, B. y Beierlein, C. (2014). Can’t we make it any shorter? Journal of Individual Differences, 35 (4), 212–220. doi: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000141
Rammstedt, B. y John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10-item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German. Journal of
Research in Personality, 41, 203-212. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001.
Rammstedt, B. (1997). Die deutsche Version des Big Five Inventory (BFI): Übersetzung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung des Fünf-Faktoren-Modells der Persönlichkeit. (Tesis doctoral inédita). Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld.
Reise, S. P. y Rodriguez, A. (2016). Item response theory and the measurement of psychiatric constructs: some empirical and conceptual issues and challenges. Psychol Med, 46 (10), 2025-2039. doi: 10.1017/ S0033291716000520.
Reise, S. P. y Revicki, D. A. (2015). Handbook of Item Response Theory Modeling Applications to Typical Performance Assessment. Nueva York: Routledge.
Reyes Zamorano, E., Álvarez Carrillo, C., Peredo Silva, A., Miranda Sandoval, A. y Rebolledo Pastrana, I. M. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Big Five Inventory
in a Mexican sample. Salud Mental, 37, 491-497. doi: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2014.059
Salgado, E., Vargas-Trujillo, E., Schmutzler, J., y Wills-Herrera, E. (2016). Uso del Inventario de los Cinco Grandes en una muestra colombiana. Avances en Psicología
Latinoamericana, 34(2), 365-382.
Samejima, F. (2010). Graded Response Model. En W. J. van der Linden (Ed.). Handbook of Item Response Theory, Volume 1: Models (pp. 95-108). Boca Raton: Chapman y Hall/CRC.
Sánchez, R., & Ledesma, R. (2009) Análisis Psicométrico del Inventario de Síntomas Revisado (SCL-90-R) en Población Clínica. Revista Argentina en Clínica
Psicológica, XVIII (3), 265-274.
Sauer-Zavala, S., Wilner, J. y Barlow, D. H. (2017). Addressing neuroticism in psychological treatment. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8
(3), 191-198. doi: 10.1037/per0000224.
Schmitt, D. P., Allik, J., McCrae, R. R., Benet-Martínez, V., et al. (2007). The geographic distribution of Big Five personality traits: Patterns and profiles of human selfdescription across 56 nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38, 173-212. doi: 10.1177/0022022106297299
Tackett, J. L. y Lahey, B. B. (2017). Neuroticism. En T. A. Widiger (Ed). The Oxford handbook of the five factor model (pp. 39-56). Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
Taylor, N., y De Bruin, G.P. (2006). BTI. Manual of the Basic Traits Inventory. Johannesburgo, Sudáfrica: JvR.
Ubbiali, A., Chiorri, C., Hampton, P. y Donati, D. (2013). Psychometric properties of the Italian adaptation of the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 266, 37 - 46.
Vittengl, J. R. (2017). Who pays the price for high neuroticism? Moderators of longitudinal risks for depression and anxiety. Psychological Medicine, 1-12.
doi:10.1017/S0033291717000253.
Widiger, T. A. y Oltmanns, J. R. (2017). Neuroticism is a fundamental domain of personality with enormous public health implications. World Psychiatry, 16 (2), 144–
145. doi: 10.1002/wps.20411.
Widiger, T. A. (2009). Neuroticism. En M. R. Leary y R. H. Hoyle (Ed), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (pp. 129-146). Nueva York: Guilford Press.
Zanon, C. y Hutz, C. S. (2009). Propriedades psicométricas da Escala Fatorial de Neuroticismo e do Questionário de Ruminação e Reflexão. Aval. Psicol, 8 (2), 279-
281
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Abak, F. J. P., & Menéndez, J. A. . Application of the item response theory to the neuroticism scale of the big five inventory. Revista AJAYU, 17(2), 424–443. Retrieved from https://ajayu.ucb.edu.bo/a/article/view/220
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